19. Bits, Characters, C Strings and structs

19. Bits, Characters, C Strings and `structs`

In this chapter you'll learn:

To create and use structs.
To pass structs to functions by value and by reference.
To use typedef to create aliases for previously defined data types and structs.
To manipulate data with the bitwise operators and to create bit fields for storing data compactly.
To use the functions of the character-handling library <cctype>.
To use the string-conversion functions of the general-utilities library <cstdlib>.
To use the string-processing functions of the string-handling library <cstring>.

The same old charitable lie Repeated as the years scoot by Perpetually makes a hit—"You really haven't changed a bit!"

—Margaret Fishback

The chief defect of Henry King Was chewing little bits of string.

—Hilaire Belloc

Vigorous writing is concise. A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences.

—William Strunk, Jr.

19.1	Introduction
19.2	Structure Definitions
19.3	Initializing Structures
19.4	Using Structures with Functions
19.5	`typedef`
19.6	Example: High-Performance Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation
19.7	Bitwise Operators
19.8	Bit Fields
19.9	Character-Handling Library
19.10	Pointer-Based String-Conversion Functions
19.11	Search Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library
19.12	Memory Functions of the Pointer-Based String-Handling Library
19.13	Wrap-Up